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Functions & Applications





 1.   Flight Operations:-
The Flight Operations department manages various facets of the operational side within the Airline. However, its primary responsibility is to ensure safe, legal and efficient operation of aircraft. This includes
    • Arrivals/Departures/Cancellations
    • Weather
    • Landing slots, runaways
    • Flight path, routings, over flight rights
    • Maintenance
-          Equipment problems
-          Maintenance routing
-          Ferrying
    • Crew problems

IT Applications for Flight Operations:-
    • Flight Planning System
-          Routing
-          Weight & Balance
-          Manufacturing Details
-          Slot Manager
    • Flight Dispatch
-          Weather
-          Routing
-          Crew
    • Flight History Data

2. Airports:-
Integrated Airport operations management system that balances the resource efficiency with real-world business results. Operating an airport in today’s environment is like running a small city. For example, moving assets in a timely manner and knowing the impact of decisions on service levels and the bottom line are critical.
The Airport operations include,
Passenger and baggage handling
Manpower Planning
-      Check-In Agents
-      Gate Agents
-      Ramp Workers, Baggage handlers
-      Machines
Gate Assignment

IT Applications for Airport Operations:-
Airport Manpower Planning
Gate Assignment and Planning System
Baggage System
Information Display System

3. Pricing & Yield Management:-

•         Pricing
§  Published Fares
§  Unpublished Fares
§  Commissions and Corporate discounts
§  Competition Monitoring
§  Internet pricing
•         Yield Management
§  Inventory Allocations/Controls to manage
-          Fare Mix
-          O&D Mix
-          POS Mix
-          Overbooking
§  Blocks and Groups Acceptance
IT Applications for Pricing & Yield Management:-
    • Yield Management system
-          Demand Forecast
-          Yield/Fare Estimates
-          No-show forecasting
-          Inventory/Booking/Capacity Information
-          Optimization – Flight or Network
    • Pricing/Fares Management System
-          ATPCO send/receive up to 3 times a day
-          Fares database
-          Composite fare matching across competitors
-          Rules-based fare actions
4. Planning / Scheduling:-

•         Network Planning
§  Fleet Planning
§  Route Planning
§  Fleet Assignment
•         Aircraft Scheduling
§  Aircraft Routing
§  Schedule Publishing to OAG, GDSs
§  Seasonal Schedule Changes
§  Minor schedule changes and weekend cancellations
IT Applications for Planning / Scheduling:-
    • Fleet Planning system
    • Route Planning system
-          Profitability Forecasting module with market demand forecast
    • Fleet assignment system
-          Through assignments
-          Scheduled Dep/Arr/Ground times
-          “Gross day” schedule
    • Flight Scheduling system
-          “Dated” schedule with nose number routing
        -Rotation optimizer, slot management
-          Weekend cancellation model
-          Schedule reliability mode

5. Cargo:-
•         Types of Cargo
§  Passenger Bags
§  Mail
§  Commercial Freight
•         Cargo/Freight Configurations
§  Passenger
§  Freight
§  Combi aircrafts
•         Cargo carriage
§  Narrow body – Bulk Freight e.g. B737, A320
§  Wide body – Containerized/ULD Freight with some bulk capacity e.g. B747, A330
-          Different container types such as LD2, LD3, LD4, LD7, LD11
IT Applications for Planning for Cargo:-
§  Cargo Reservation System
-          Space Planning and booking
-          Freight pricing
§  Cargo Ground Handling System
-          Import/Export
-          ULD Management
-          Terminal Management
-          Shippers document/track & trace
§  Cargo Yield Management system
-          Demand Forecast
-          Capacity Forecast
-          Allocation Module
-          Utilization Module
-          Optimization – Flight or Network
§  Cargo Revenue Accounting System

6. Maintenance and Engineering:-

•         Aircraft Maintenance
§  Line Maintenance
-          Minor Checks, last less  than 24 hours
§  Heavy Maintenance
-          Major Checks
–        C-check, D-check etc.
–        Last a few days
§  Maintenance sites
-          Dedicated Maintenance bases
-          Outsourced service
-          Airport Hangars
IT Applications for Maintenance and Engineering:-
    • Shop Production Planning and Execution
-          Resource Planning and Scheduling(Labor, Parts, Tools)
    • Materials Management
-          Parts Inventory Management
-          Engines Inventory
    • Document Management
    • Maintenance Routing system

7. Crew Management:-

•         Crew Planning
§  Flight Crew i.e. pilots – Fleet/Seat/Domicile e.g. 747/First Officer/Denver
§  In-flight Crew i.e. flight attendants – Role/Domicile
§  Reserve Planning
•         Crew Assignments
§  Rotations
-          Labor rules
-          Contractual restrictions
-          Seniority rules
§  Dead-heading
IT Applications for Crew Management
    • Crew Planning
    • Crew Bidding system
    • Crew Pairings and Assignment
    • Reserves Planning
    • Vacation Bidding system

8. Revenue Accounting
•         Ticket Sales Data
§  SIR data or TCN data
§  Available in timely manner for electronically generated tickets
§  Up to 3-4 months lag in case of manual tickets and in some parts of the world
•         Lift Data (Coupons collected at airport)
§  Manually entered or scanned
§  Available within 2-3 days after departure
•         Sale-match-Lift
§  Reconciliation
•         Agency accounting
§  Done through Airline Reporting Commission(ARC) or Banks Settlement Process (BSP)
•         Country-specific manual or electronic BSPs
•         Agency commissions calculation
•         Front-end and Backend hurdles
•         Net fares associated with Tour codes or Ticket designators which are stored in paper contracts with agencies
•         Interline accounting
§  Different Proration schemes
•         Straight-rate
•         Mileage-based
•         Special Proration schemes (SPAs)
§  Majority done on a sampling basis

IT Applications for Revenue Accounting
    • Passenger Revenue Accounting
    • Interline Proration
    • Revenue Integrity

9. Reservations
-          Reservations Offices
-          City Ticket Offices (CTOs)
-          Airport Ticket Offices (ATOs)
-          Reservations Planning
IT Applications for Reservations
§  Passenger Reservation system
-          Sell
-          Inventory
-          Departure Control (DCS)
    • Frequent Flyer/Customer Loyalty System
-          Customer database
-          Mileage accrual and redemption
    • Internet Booking Portals/Travel website
-          Booking & Ticketing
-          Check-in
-          FF account mgt.
-          Flight schedules and status
    • Contract Management System
    • Promotions Management

10. Airline Sales and Marketing.

•         Sales
§  Geographic Sales/Country Focus
-          Travel Agency Relationships
–        Wholesalers and Consolidators
–        Commissions structure, net fares, seat blocks
-          Sales Offices
-          GSAs
§  Corporate Accounts
-          Corporate Volume Agreements (CVA)
Global Sales Planning
•         Marketing
§  Product
-          Brand, Advertising, Promotions
-          Frequent Flyer Program
-          Amenities
§  Distribution Planning
-          GDS Relationships
-          Online Distribution
-          Agency Distribution
§  Alliances and Codeshares

IT Applications for Airline Sales and Marketing
    • Passenger Reservation system
-          Sell
-          Inventory
-          Departure Control (DCS)
    • Frequent Flyer/Customer Loyalty System
-          Customer database
-          Mileage accrual and redemption
    • Internet Booking Portals/Travel website
-          Booking & Ticketing
-          Check-in
-          Frequent Flyer account management.
-          Flight schedules and status
    • Contract Management System
    • Promotions Management
    • Sales Planning System

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